Target measure:

Low birthweight

Indicator measure:  

Low birthweight babies as a proportion of all births (both live-born and stillborn) (see calculation and data sources for details)

Note:

Low birthweight babies are infants (both live-born and stillborn) weighing less than 2500 grams at birth: these are expressed as a proportion of all births (both live-born and stillborn). 

Period:

1989 to 1992, 1995 to 1997, 2000 to 2002 and 2003 to 2005 (Aboriginal population 2003 to 2005)

Context:

Low birthweight increases the risk of death in infancy and of serious health problems.  An infant may be small when it is born for two reasons: it may be born early (premature), or it may be small for its gestational age (intra-uterine growth restriction).  Risk factors include socioeconomic disadvantage; maternal size, age and nutritional status; the number of babies previously born; illness, and alcohol, tobacco and drug use during pregnancy; and duration of the pregnancy.  Babies born to Indigenous women in 2004 in Australia were more than twice as likely to be of low birthweight (13.2%) than those born to non-Indigenous women (6.2%). The low-birthweight proportions for babies born to Indigenous women were highest for SA (17.6%).

View:

• graphs: 1) total population; 2) Aboriginal population; 3) Indigenous/ non-Indigenous comparison

• tables

• maps

• correlations

Supplementary measure:

Rate of infant mortality

Indicator measure:  

Infant mortality rate (see calculation and data sources for details)

Note:

The infant mortality rate is the number of infants dying under a year of age, per one thousand live births.

Period:

2001 to 2004

Context:

Death in infancy represents the earliest indicator of premature mortality.  Most infant deaths occur in the first four weeks of life, from conditions originating in the perinatal period.  These conditions include spontaneous preterm labour, infections, hypertension, haemorrhage and maternal conditions affecting the newborn.  Congenital abnormalities and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) account for many of the remaining deaths.

View:

• graphs

• tables

• maps

Target measure:

Proportion of households receiving government benefits

Indicator measure: 

Proportion of population receiving government pensions/ benefits (see calculation and data sources for details)

Note:

This target includes people receiving one of a number of income support payments from the Australian Government: the Youth Training Allowance or Newstart Allowance, Disability Support Pension from Centrelink or a Service Pension (Permanently Incapacitated) from the Dept of Veterans' Affairs; and people in receipt of a Parenting Payment (single).

Period:

Single years 1996, 2005 and 2006

Context:

Economic disadvantage can have profound impacts on those affected and their families, in both the short and longer terms.  As a consequence, there are significant implications for inter-generational health and wellbeing, employment and training, housing, economic productivity and development, and community cohesion.

View:

• graphs

• tables    

• maps

• correlations

Target measure:

Home purchasing and rental affordability

Indicator measure:  

Dwellings rented from the SA government housing authority as a proportion of all occupied private dwellings (see calculation and data sources for details)

Note:

This is a proxy measure for the target as data are not available which can replicate the target at a small area level.

Period:

Single years 1996, 2001 and 2006 

Context:

Affordable, secure and safe housing is fundamental to one's health and wellbeing, employment, education and other life opportunities.  The geographic distribution of public rental housing is an indicator of the distribution of the most disadvantaged population groups in the community, who are often reliant for accommodation on public rental housing, or who rent in the private market and receive a rental allowance from the Australian Government.  They are single parents on a pension or low income, those unemployed, aged or with a disability, and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, as these groups are given waiting list priority for public housing, which has become increasingly scarce since the 1970s.

View:

• graphs

• tables    

• maps

• correlations

Target measure:

Home purchasing and rental affordability

Indicator measure:  

Low income households receiving Centrelink rental allowance as a proportion of all households (see calculation and data sources for details)

Note:

This is a proxy measure for the target as data are not available which can replicate the target at a small area level.

Period:

1999 to 2002 and 2006 

Context:

Affordable, secure and safe housing is fundamental to one's health and wellbeing, employment, education and other life opportunities.  The growth in waiting lists for housing reflects the substantial decline in investment in public housing by the Australian and State/ Territory governments over many years.  In South Australia the issues of housing stress and housing affordability are a major focus for the State government, and the government acknowledges that low income households paying more than 25% of their income for housing are in stress.

View:

• graphs

• tables

• maps

• correlations

Target measure:

Number of South Australians experiencing housing stress

Indicator measure:  

Households experiencing mortgage stress - households with less than 80% of median income, spending more than 30% of income on mortgage repayments (see calculation and data sources for details)

Period:

Single years 1991, 1996, 2001 and 2006 

Context:

View:

• graphs

• tables    

• maps

• correlations

Target measure:

Number of South Australians experiencing housing stress

Indicator measure:  

Households experiencing rental stress - households with less than 80% of median income, spending more than 25% of income on rent (see calculation and data sources for details)

Period:

Single years 1991, 1996, 2001 and 2006 

Context:

View:

• graphs

• tables    

• maps

• correlations

Target measure:

Overcrowding in Aboriginal households

Indicator measure:  

The number of Aboriginal people per dwelling with Indigenous households (see calculation and data sources for details)

Note:

This is a proxy measure for the target, based on Census data.

Period:

Single year 2001 and 2006

Context:

Indigenous Australians are more likely to rent than to own their homes, and they are more likely to be homeless and to live in overcrowded conditions than non-Indigenous Australians (AIHW 2005).  In 2001, the national rate of overcrowding among Indigenous people was 953 per 10,000 households - six times the rate of overcrowding among non-Indigenous people.  Overcrowding is a serious issue and, when coupled with poor dwelling condition and lack of connection to essential services, can contribute to poor physical and psychological health for individuals and to the spread of infectious diseases within a community.

View:

• graphs: 1) Aboriginal population; 2) Indigenous/ non-Indigenous comparison

• tables

• maps

• correlations

Target measure:

Rate of Aboriginal home ownership

Indicator measure:  

Indigenous households owned or being purchased as a proportion of all Indigenous households (see calculation and data sources for details

Note:

This is an additional measure for the target, based on Census data.  Represents Indigenous households owned or being purchased as a proportion of all Indigenous households, as reported in the 2001 Census.

Period:

Single year 2001 and 2006

Context:

Indigenous Australians are more likely to rent than to own their homes (AIHW 2005): in South Australia in 2006, only 36% of Indigenous households owned or were buying their own home – with two-thirds of these having a mortgage.  As the Indigenous population has a generally younger age profile and a higher fertility rate, the population is projected to increase, with an associated rise in demand for housing and associated infrastructures.

View:

• graphs: 1) Aboriginal population; 2) Indigenous/ non-Indigenous comparison

• tables

• maps

• correlations

Target measure:

Year 3 benchmarks in reading, writing and numeracy

Indicator measure:  

Year 3 benchmarks in reading, writing and numeracy

Note:

Data not available: to be provided by DECS late in 2008

Target measure:

Year 5 benchmarks in reading, writing and numeracy

Indicator measure:  

Year 5 benchmarks in reading, writing and numeracy

Note:

Data not available: to be provided by DECS late in 2008

Target measure:

Year 7 benchmarks in reading, writing and numeracy

Indicator measure:  

Year 7 benchmarks in reading, writing and numeracy

Note:

Data not available: to be provided by DECS late in 2008

Target measure:

Number of 15-19 year olds engaged in school, work or further education/training

Indicator measure:  

The number of 15-19 year olds who are engaged in school, work or further education/ training, as a proportion of all those aged 15-19 years (see calculation and data sources for details)

Period:

Single year 2001

Context:

Young people who fail to engage in school, work or further education/training run a significant risk of school failure, unemployment, risky health behaviours and mental health problems, social exclusion, and economic and social disadvantage over the longer term.

View:

• graphs

• tables    

• maps

• correlations

Target measure:

Students who receive a TER, or equivalent, with at least one of the following subjects: mathematics, physics or chemistry

Indicator measure:  

Students who receive a TER, or equivalent, with at least one of the following subjects: mathematics, physics or chemistry, as a proportion of all students with a TER (see calculation and data sources for details)

Period:

2001 to 2002, 2003 to 2004 and 2005 to 2006

Context:

Education increases opportunities for choice of occupation and for income and job security, and also equips people with the skills and ability to control many aspects of their lives – key factors that influence wellbeing throughout the life course.  Young people’s school experience of science and mathematics helps to determine their choice of career, and this in turn impacts on the development of a future workforce well educated in science, mathematics and technology and capable of supporting innovation and development in South Australia.

View:

• graphs

• tables    

• maps

• correlations

Target measure:

Proportion of higher education students of the national total

Indicator measure:  

School leavers identified as enrolled to an SA university, as a proportion of the 17 year old population (see calculation and data sources for details)

Period:

Single year 2007 

Context:

Education increases opportunities for choice of occupation and for income and job security, and also equips people with the skills and ability to control many aspects of their lives – key factors that influence wellbeing throughout the life course.  Young people who complete Year 12 are more likely to make a successful initial transition to further education, training and work than early leavers.  The acquisition of a non-school qualification increases work and employment opportunities and increases the likelihood of a financially secure future.

View:

• graphs

• tables    

• maps

• correlations
  

Target measure:

VET participation

Indicator measure: 

VET participation: participaation in vocational education and training (see calculation and data sources for details)

Period:

Single years 2001 and 2005 

Context:

Vocational Education and Training (VET) is provided by industry, TAFE institutes, adult education, community and private providers, and increasingly by schools.  VET programs range from basic level and skill-specific courses to more advanced and broader courses awarding qualifications such as advanced diplomas.  Participation is largely determined by economic factors, such as the predominant local industries and employment levels, although social and demographic factors also play a role (NCVER 2007).

The data shown here only relate to students participating in the public VET sector i.e. training organisations receiving public funding for infrastructure for the delivery of VET programs.  These include state and territory technical and further education (TAFE) systems; multi-sector higher education institutions; registered community education providers; and other registered training providers (private providers)

It does not cover students attending a range of other services, for example, recreation, leisure and personal enrichment; fee-for-service VET by private providers; or VET undertaken in schools, where the delivery has been undertaken by schools.

There is an over-representation of students from low socioeconomic areas in the Australian VET sector.  This over-representation is partly driven by the relatively high VET participation by students in regions outside the capital cities, which on average tend to be lower socioeconomic areas; and by the higher participation rate among the Indigenous population.

View:

• graphs: 1) total population; 2) Aboriginal population; 3) Indigenous/ non-Indigenous comparison

• tables

• maps

• correlations